Control for regulating temperatures



Feb. 8, 192'?.-

1,616,519 W. l. TWOMBLY vCONTROL FOR REGULATING TEMPERATURES Filed May 26, 1922 T f 0 f POTATOE5 SQUASH '50- TOAST -10- BRON.

2 Sheets-Sheet l WHOLE HEM. 3 FRUIT CAKE 3 ANGELCAKE 150' PUDDINGS -30- nwe/Ton F79. .Z

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Patented Feb. 8, 1927.

UNITED STATES PATENT oFFlc/E.

WILLARD I. TWOMBLY, F NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, TO THE WILCOLATOR COMPANY, OF NEWARK, NEW JERSEY, A CORPORATION 0F DELAWARE.

CONTROL FOB REGULATING TEMPERATURES.

, Application filed May 26, 1922. Serial N0. 563,769.

This invention relates to controls for' regulating temperatures, and has to do more particularly with a control mechanism by which variations in temperature are used to control the flow of the fuel which is burned to produce this temperature. The device is ot' the type frequently employed in gas stoves, and provides automatc means for regulatin the temperature of the oven by the contro of the gas fed to the burners which heat the oven.

The object of the invention is to provide a`simple device of the type described which may readily be installed on stoves -nowl in operation, and which is simple in construction and so arranged that all the work'ng parts arefully protected. Atthe same time the device is constructed so that it is ea'sil operated and may readily be dismantle should occasion arise, for purposes of cleanim` or adjustment.' l

he mechanism includes a bulb which is placed in the oven the temperature of which is to be controlle this bulb conta`ning an inert fluid.' The bulb is connected to an expansible chamber or bellows which carries the moving element of a valve vthrough which flows the gas consumed in the burners heating the oven. A rise in temperature in the oven which brings about an expansion of the inert fluid and in turn an expansion of the bellows, causes the valve to close so as to cut ofi' the supply of fuel to the burners, but included in the device is a by pass through which` gas for a pilot light may pass, and a second by-pass is also provided which -supplies a sufficient amount of gas so that -gas will be continuously' fed to the burners to maintain any Selected temperature at Which the main Valve would be closed. VThe mechan'sm also includes various other features .which will be described i in detail hereafter.

For a better understanding of the invention, reference may be had to the accompanying drawings, in wl1ich Fig. 1 is a, view in elevation of a device embodying the invention,

Fig. 2 is across-sectional lview of the device taken on the line 2,-2 of Fig. 1,

Fig. 3 is a -vertical sectional view on the line 3-3of Fig. 2,

i and. 5 are vertical sectional viewsv on the lines 4-4 and 5-5 respectively of F10. .1, and

Fig. 6 is a perspective view of a gas stove showing the control mechanism disposed thereon. y. i

Referring more particularly to Figs. 1,

2, 3, 5 and 6. E designates a casing adapted at one end for connection with a gas supply. The casing E is provided with a partition e in which a valve or cock D1 is mounted to control the flow of gas from the supply to the casing E. E1 designates aV cylinder which as shown is threaded onto the end of the casing E. Surrounding the cylinder El is ya casin E2 one endof which bears against a s oulder e1 formed on the casing E. The casing E is held in position by means of a plate F, the outer portion of the cylinder. E1 and said chamber is aiforded -by openings f2 formed in the wall of the collar f Communication between t e interior of Located viahin the cylinder Eljis a beilows H preferably of copper. Itis sealed to a plate h1 which is pressed into a recess provided for it in the endof the casing- -E, and which hasfa peripheral opening 11.1

throu h which gas passes into the cylinder E1. nipple h2 extends through the plate h1 and is threaded tovlit in an opening provided for it in the end of the casing E. The nipple h2 is provided with an orice of small diameter which communicates with. a

passage e3 formed in the casing E and with l `the interior .of the\bel1ows H. I designates a tube preferably of flexible material and having a bore not to exceed 35 /1000 of an inchn One end` of the tube is connected with the casing E through a connection i and which latter has an ori-tice corresponding in diameter with the bore of the tube I. The couneetion z is in communication with the passage e3 also having a diameter preferably that of the tube I. The other end of the tube 1 terminates in a bulb '1 here shown as being elongated, and which is intended to be placed in a medium the temperature of which it is desired to control. It desired a protective cover 2, as for example a coiled spring, may surround the tube I.

The bellows H carries the. valve It sealed therewith and the valve l1, coacts with the seat f1. As here shown the valve is provided with a cylindricallportion k3 which extends into the bellows H. Located within the cylindrical portion h3 is a spring h4 the tension ot' which may be regulated or adjusted. The plate F is provided with a centrally arranged collar F1 in which a screw threaded plug f3 works. The plug f3 has an' interior thread which coacts with an adjusting screw f4. The screw j" carries a cap and the spiral spring 11.* is confined between it and the end of the cylinder ha. The purpose of thescrew f1 is to regulate or adjust the tension of the spring zf. Initially the tension of the spring l# is adjusted by the screw f4 holding the valve z from off its seat at a fixed low temperature say for example, 250 degrees F. In this position gas can iiow past the valve It to the burner to maintain that temperature. Thereafter the tension of the spring It* is adjusted or regulated by the plug f3 the exterior screw thread vof which has a pitch so that one complete revolution of the plug will provide for all temperatures 'for which the control is designed. A second screw f1 is also carried by the plug f3 for the purpose of concealing the adjusting screw f4. A regulator or regulating handle G is carried by the plug f3, and as here shown it is cup shaped. The plug f3 extends through an openingl inthe end wall of the regulator and the latter is confined between a collar f1, carried by the plug; and a nut ft. This connection may be concealed means of a plate G1 which is connected wit the regulator by means of screws g1". When the regulator G is turned in either direction the plug f3 is caused to move in and out of the collar F1 to adjust the tension of the spring h* to move the valve away from or toward the seat f1. The amount ot' movelnent of the regulator G in adjusting the control. is limited by means of a projection g1 (Figs. 2, 3) .coacting'with` a stop y* carried by the plate F. It will be observed that when the regulator G is moved beyond the limits required for adjusting the control, that the (3o-action of the stops g1 and g* may be used to screw and unscrew the collar`- f from the end of the cylinder E1. lVhen the plate F and collar f are separated from the cylinder E1 the interior of the cylinder is exposed and may be easily ught.

cleaned, as well as the valve seat f1 on the collar f. Preferably the spring h4 is tightly fitted within the cylinder h3 so that when Ahermctically sealed. within the bellows H,

the capillary tube I and bulb 1, at atmospheric pressure or a greater pressure so that the pressure of the gas will not vary except under temperature changes. Normally the valve h1 is held oft' its seat by the spring 72.*, at the lowest temperature for which the control is designed. When this temperature is reached the pressure of the gas within the bulb 1, tube I and bellows H is raised sothat it will distend the bellows I-I against the action of the spring z.4 to seat the valve it. In practice it is neccessary that the pressure of the inert gas shall not be affected by any temperature except that of the medium which it is desired to control, and therefore it becomes necessary to maintain the bellows H at a nearly constant temperature. In order to do this I pass the gas for the burner around the outside of the bellows H and as much I gas has 'a nearly constant temperature, the temperature of the inert gas within the bellows is maintained at the .same temperature. As the internal diameter .of the tube I is very small in relation to the diameter of the bellows H, any change in temperature of the inert gas within it produces only a negligible change in pressure 'in the bellows H. i

Referring now to Figs. 5 and G. In order to maintain a gas supply for a pilot light, I provide a passage j from within the cylinder E1 to a connection 7'1 which leads to the pilot flame. A needle valve j2 is provided to regulate the flow of gas to the pilot In order to provide `for a flow of gas to the burner other thanpast the valve It I provide a. by-pass 7'1 in the wall of the L cylinder E1 which is controlled by a needle valveY "1. This by-pass is necessary to lmaintain tie lowest.temperature for which the deviceV is designed. j

The operation of the control is as follows, it beingassumed that it is to be used 'tocontrol temperatures from 250 degrees F. to 550 degrees I". In Figs. l, 2 and 3 the device is shown in position to. produce a temperature of 250 F.V In this position of the parts when the valve or cock D1 is opened, gas will ,flow past the cock' l)1,v through the openings IL10 into the cylinder E1, around the bellows H and past the valve L through the openings f2 into the chamba-between the cylinder E1 and easing E2. The gas passes from this chamber through a connection M1 tothe burner.

Vhen the temperature caused by the heat of the burner reaches 2,50 degrees F., the

pressure of the glas in the bulb i* (which is directly subjected to the temperature from the burner), tube I and bellows H is raised,

v thereby overcoming the tension of the spring h4 whereupon the valve la. is closed upon its seat f1; Further flow of gas to the burner except through the by-pass j* is therefore stopped. When the control is set to lmaintain a higher temperature, the regulator ,G

.is turned (a suitable scale being provided for that purpose as well as a pointer O carried by the casing E2) thereby increasing i gas stove, and B .the oven thereof. The

stove A is provided with the usual manifold C at the front thereof and which is connected with a gas supply. The burners C1 are supplied with gas through the usual valved connections c. At the end of the manifold adjacent the oven B, is located the control which I havevdesignated D, which is connected to the burner or burners (not shown) for the oven B1. The bulb l of the tube I is placed inthe oven at any desired point, and suitably' supported therein, i the `tube I extending therefrom and as shown) through the air space provided at the front of the oven, to the control D. The regulator G is the same as illustrated in the other figures, or it may only be provided with'the usual scale indicating different temperatures.

pointer O the control may be set for any desired temperature above that for which the control was originally adjusted. The extreme high and low temperatures are limited by the engagement of the stop g2- with the opposite sides of the stop g,d

What I claim as my invention is:

1.4 In a control for the regulation of temperature, the combination of a bulb subjected to the temperature to be controlled, a bellows connected with said bulb and containing an inert fluid, a casing in which the bellows is mounted, a gas inlet in the casing near one end'of the bellows, a gas outlet in the casing near the other end of the bellows. and a val'v'e within the casing for controlling the flow of gas therethrough directly operated by said bellows.

2. In a control vfor regulating temperatures. the combination with a casing connected with a'gas supply; a cylinder connected with said casing and communicating with the easing; a second casing enclosing the cylinder and with the cylinder form-ing a chamber fa: lgas burner connected with said' chamberfa plate closing the end of the cylinder. and saitl chamber; a bellows within l the cylinder and containing an inert gas; a bulb connected therewith; a valve operated by said ybellows; and a seat for said valve and cooperating therewith to control the flow of gas from the cylinder to the chamber.

3. In Aa control for regulating ytempera-l tures, the combination with a cylinder connected with a gas supply; a casing surround-v l ing the cylinder an vtith it forming a Cham.-

Vber; a plate havingia screw threaded en-I gagement withl the "end' of said cylinder for closing the end of said cylinder and said chamber; a Valve seat carried by said plate and past which gas flows from the cylinder to said chamber; a bellows within the cylinder and containing an inert gas; a bulb connected with said bellows and subjected to the temperature to be controlled; and a valve operated by\ said bellows and co-operating with said seat to control the flow of. I I

gas past it.

4. In a control for' regulating temperatures, the combination with a cylinder c onnected with a gas supply; a casing surround-l ing the cylinder, and with it forming a chamber which is 1n communication'l with said cylinder; a plate having a screw threaded engagement with the end of said cylindery for closing the end of the cylinder and said chamber; a bellows Within the cylinder and containing an inert gas; a bulb connected with said bellows 'and subjected to the temperature to be controlled; a valve operated by said bellows; a scat carried by said plate and coacting with the valve toy control the supply of gas from the cylinder to said By turning. the regulator G under the chamber; a spring vacting to hold the valve from 'its seat; and means carried by the l plate for regulating the tension of said spring',

5. In a control for regulatingtemperatures. the combination with a cylinder cnnnected with a gas supply; a casing surroundving the cylinder, and with it forming aV chamber which is in communicationI with said cylinder; a plate having a screw. threaded engagement with the end of said cylinder for closing the end of the cylinder and said chamber; a bellows within the cylinder and containing an inert gas; a bulb connected with said bellows and subjected to the telnperature to becontrolled; a valve operated by said bellows; a seat carried by said plate supply of gas from the cylinder to said chamber; a spring actlng to hold the valvel from and coactingwith the valve tocontrol the.'

its seat; means for Yadjusting the initial tension of said spring; and means for thereafter adjusting the tension of the spring for different temperatures.

' 6; In a control for regulating temperaand a second gas outlet from the casing con-v tures, the combination of a bulb subjected to the temperature to be controlled, a bellows connected with said. bulb and containing an inert fluid, a casing in which the bellows is mounted, a gas inlet in the casing, a gas outlet in t-he casing, the inlet and the outlet being disposed near opposite ends' of the bellows in such manner that the flow of gas from inlet to outlet is past the bellows, a valve within the casing directly operated by said bellows, the said valve controlling the flow of gas through the outlet.,`

tinuously open regardless of the. position of said valve.

7. In a control for regulating temperatures, the combination of a bulb subjected to the temperature to be controlled, a bellows connected with said bulb and containing an inert fluid, a casing in which the bellows is mounted, a gas inlet in the casing, a gas outlet in the casing the inlet and outlet being disposed near opposite ends of the bellows, a valve directly7 operated by said bellows and cont-rolling the flow of ges through the said out-let, and a pair of gas outlets from the casing, which are continuously open regardless of the position of said valve, one ot' these outlets being connected to the gas outlet first mentioned from the casing.

8. In a control for regulating temperatures, the combination of a bulb subjected to the temperature to be controlled, a bellows connected with said bulb and containing an inert fluid, a casing in which the bellows is mounted, a gas inlet in the casing, a gas outlet in the casing theinlet and outlet being disposed near opposite ends of the bellows, a lvalve directly operated by said bellows' and-,controlling the How of gas through the said outlet, a pair of gas outlets from the casing, and control means for controlling the flow of gas through each of these outlets.

9. In a control for regulating temperatures, the combination of a bulb subjected to the temperature to be controlled, a. bellows connected with said bulb and containing an lnertfluid, a casing surrounding the bellows,

the latter having one vend fixed within the casing. a gas inlet in the casing, a gas outlet movable valve member carried on the free gas outlet in the casing'the inlet and outlet being disposed near opposite ends of the bellows, a valve seat encircling the gas outlet a valve member carried on the free end of the bellows and adapted, upon the expansion of the latter, to bear against the seat to close the outlet, and a spring resisting the expansion movement of the bellows.

l1. In a control for regulating temperai tures, the combination of a bulb subjected to the temperature to be controlled, a bellows connected to the bulb and containing in inert fluid, a casing in which the bellows is mounted, the bellows having a fixed end and a free end, a gas inlet in lthe casing, a gas outlet in the casing the inlet and outlet being disposed near opposite ends of the bellows, a valve seat encircling the gas outlet, a valve member carried on the free end of the bellows and adapted, upon the eX- pansion ot the latter, to bear against the seat to close the outlet, a spring resisting the expansion movement of the bellows, and means operable from without the casing to alter the tensionl of thespring.

l2. In a control for regulating temperatures, `the combination of a bulb subjected to the temperature to be controlled, a bellows connected to the bulb andr vcontaining an inert fluid, ak casing in which the bellows is mounted, the bellows having a fixed end and a free end, a gas inlet in the casing, a gas outlet in the casing, a valve seat encircling the gas outlet, a valve member carried on the free end of the bellows and adapted, upon the expansion of the latter,- to bear against the seat to close the outlet, a springresisting the expansion movement of the bellows, means for setting the tension of the spring initially, and means operable from without the casing :for varying the position of the setting means to vary the temperature at which theivalv'e is operated.

i wILLAnD I. TwoMBLY. 

